How Properties of Kenaf Fibers from Burkina Faso Contribute to the Reinforcement of Earth Blocks

Materials

Younoussa Millogo³  Jean-Emmanuel Aubert⁴  Erwan Hamard²  Jean-Claude Morel¹ 

[1] Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l’Etat, Université de Lyon CNRS-LTDS, UMR 5513, LGCB, 3 rue Maurice Audin, Vaulx-en-Velin cedex, F-69120, France;Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l’Aménagement et des Réseaux, Département Matériaux, GPEM, route de Bouaye, 44344 Bouguenais, CS4, France; E-Mail:;Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques (UFR/ST), Université Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso, 01 BP 1091 Bobo 01, Burkina Faso; E-Mail:;Université de Toulouse, UPS, INSA, LMDC (Laboratoire Matériaux et Durabilité des Constructions), 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France; E-Mail:

关键词: kenaf fibers;    Earth blocks;    physicochemical characteristics;    mechanical properties;    Burkina Faso;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ma8052332

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Physicochemical characteristics of Hibiscus cannabinus (kenaf) fibers from Burkina Faso were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), chemical analysis and video microscopy. Kenaf fibers (3 cm long) were used to reinforce earth blocks, and the mechanical properties of reinforced blocks, with fiber contents ranging from 0.2 to 0.8 wt%, were investigated. The fibers were mainly composed of cellulose type I (70.4 wt%), hemicelluloses (18.9 wt%) and lignin (3 wt%) and were characterized by high tensile strength (1 ± 0.25 GPa) and Young’s modulus (136 ± 25 GPa), linked to their high cellulose content. The incorporation of short fibers of kenaf reduced the propagation of cracks in the blocks, through the good adherence of fibers to the clay matrix, and therefore improved their mechanical properties. Fiber incorporation was particularly beneficial for the bending strength of earth blocks because it reinforces these blocks after the failure of soil matrix observed for unreinforced blocks. Blocks reinforced with such fibers had a ductile tensile behavior that made them better building materials for masonry structures than unreinforced blocks.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.