Imaging of Small Animal Peripheral Artery Disease Models: Recent Advancements and Translational Potential

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Jenny B. Lin³  Evan H. Phillips³  Ti𠆚ir E. Riggins³  Gurneet S. Sangha³  Sreyashi Chakraborty¹  Janice Y. Lee²  Roy J. Lycke³  Clarissa L. Hernandez³  Arvin H. Soepriatna³  Bradford R. H. Thorne⁴  Alexa A. Yrineo³  Craig J. Goergen³  Jonathan Golledge⁵ 

[1] School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; E-Mail:;Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; E-Mail:;Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, Room 3025, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; E-Mails:;School of Sciences, Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; E-Mail:Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, Room 3025, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;

关键词: peripheral artery disease;    aneurysm;    atherosclerosis;    ischemia;    stroke;    small animal model;    ultrasound;    magnetic resonance;    computed tomography;    optical imaging;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms160511131

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a broad disorder encompassing multiple forms of arterial disease outside of the heart. As such, PAD development is a multifactorial process with a variety of manifestations. For example, aneurysms are pathological expansions of an artery that can lead to rupture, while ischemic atherosclerosis reduces blood flow, increasing the risk of claudication, poor wound healing, limb amputation, and stroke. Current PAD treatment is often ineffective or associated with serious risks, largely because these disorders are commonly undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Active areas of research are focused on detecting and characterizing deleterious arterial changes at early stages using non-invasive imaging strategies, such as ultrasound, as well as emerging technologies like photoacoustic imaging. Earlier disease detection and characterization could improve interventional strategies, leading to better prognosis in PAD patients. While rodents are being used to investigate PAD pathophysiology, imaging of these animal models has been underutilized. This review focuses on structural and molecular information and disease progression revealed by recent imaging efforts of aortic, cerebral, and peripheral vascular disease models in mice, rats, and rabbits. Effective translation to humans involves better understanding of underlying PAD pathophysiology to develop novel therapeutics and apply non-invasive imaging techniques in the clinic.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.