Does Whole Grain Consumption Alter Gut Microbiota and Satiety?

Healthcare

Danielle N. Cooper¹  Roy J. Martin¹  Nancy L. Keim¹  Samir Samman² 

[1] Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA; E-Mails:Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA;

关键词: gut microbiota;    satiety;    whole grains;    VAS appetite assessment;    short chain fatty acids;    bile acids;    obesity;   

DOI  :  10.3390/healthcare3020364

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

This review summarizes recent studies examining whole grain consumption and its effect on gut microbiota and satiety in healthy humans. Studies comparing whole grains to their refined grain counterparts were considered, as were studies comparing different grain types. Possible mechanisms linking microbial metabolism and satiety are described. Clinical trials show that whole grain wheat, maize, and barley alter the human gut microbiota, but these findings are based on a few studies that do not include satiety components, so no functional claims between microbiota and satiety can be made. Ten satiety trials were evaluated and provide evidence that whole oats, barley, and rye can increase satiety, whereas the evidence for whole wheat and maize is not compelling. There are many gaps in the literature; no one clinical trial has examined the effects of whole grains on satiety and gut microbiota together. Once understanding the impact of whole grains on satiety and microbiota is more developed, then particular grains might be used for better appetite control. With this information at hand, healthcare professionals could make individual dietary recommendations that promote satiety and contribute to weight control.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.