Exploring the Mechanisms of Gastrointestinal Cancer Development Using Deep Sequencing Analysis

Cancers

Tomonori Matsumoto²  Takahiro Shimizu²  Atsushi Takai²  Hiroyuki Marusawa¹  Camile S. Farah² 

[1] Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan;

关键词: mutational signature;    deep sequencing;    next-generation sequencing;    inflammation-associated carcinogenesis;    activation-induced cytidine deaminase;    AID;    APOBEC;    transition;    transversion;    noncancerous tissues;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers7020823

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have revolutionized cancer genomics due to their high throughput sequencing capacity. Reports of the gene mutation profiles of various cancers by many researchers, including international cancer genome research consortia, have increased over recent years. In addition to detecting somatic mutations in tumor cells, NGS technologies enable us to approach the subject of carcinogenic mechanisms from new perspectives. Deep sequencing, a method of optimizing the high throughput capacity of NGS technologies, allows for the detection of genetic aberrations in small subsets of premalignant and/or tumor cells in noncancerous chronically inflamed tissues. Genome-wide NGS data also make it possible to clarify the mutational signatures of each cancer tissue by identifying the precise pattern of nucleotide alterations in the cancer genome, providing new information regarding the mechanisms of tumorigenesis. In this review, we highlight these new methods taking advantage of NGS technologies, and discuss our current understanding of carcinogenic mechanisms elucidated from such approaches.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.