Distribution of Marine Lipophilic Toxins in Shellfish Products Collected from the Chinese Market

Marine Drugs

Haiyan Wu¹  Jianhua Yao¹  Mengmeng Guo¹  Zhijun Tan¹  Deqing Zhou¹  Yuxiu Zhai¹  Angela Capper² 

[1] Carbon-sink Fisheries Laboratory, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; E-Mails:Carbon-sink Fisheries Laboratory, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;

关键词: ESI-LC-MS/MS;    identification;    distribution;    lipophilic toxins;    shellfish;   

DOI  :  10.3390/md13074281

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

To investigate the prevalence of lipophilic marine biotoxins in shellfish from the Chinese market, we used hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to measure levels of okadaic acid (OA), azaspiracid (AZA1), pectenotoxin (PTX2), gymnodimine (GYM), and spirolide (SPX1). We collected and analyzed 291 shellfish samples from main production sites along a wide latitudinal transect along the Chinese coastline from December 2008 to December 2009. Results revealed a patchy distribution of the five toxins and highlighted the specific geographical distribution and seasonal and species variation of the putative toxigenic organisms. All five lipophilic marine biotoxins were found in shellfish samples. The highest concentrations of OA, AZA1, PTX2, GYM, and SPX1 were 37.3, 5.90, 16.4, 14.4, and 8.97 μg/kg, respectively. These values were much lower than the legislation limits for lipophilic shellfish toxins. However, the value might be significantly underestimated for the limited detection toxins. Also, these toxins were found in most coastal areas of China and were present in almost all seasons of the year. Thus, these five toxins represent a potential threat to human health. Consequently, studies should be conducted and measures should be taken to ensure the safety of the harvested product.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.