Increased Long-Term Mortality among Black CABG Patients Receiving Preoperative Inotropic Agents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Jimmy T. Efird⁷  William F. Griffin⁷  Daniel F. Sarpong²  Stephen W. Davies⁵  Iulia Vann³  Nathaniel T. Koutlas⁷  Ethan J. Anderson⁶  Patricia B. Crane⁴  Hope Landrine¹  Linda Kindell⁷  Zahra J. Iqbal⁷  T. Bruce Ferguson⁷  W. Randolph Chitwood⁷  Alan P. Kypson⁷ 

[1] Center for Health Disparities, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; E-Mail:;Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities Research and Education, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; E-Mail:;Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; E-Mail:;The College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; E-Mail:;Department of General Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; E-Mail:;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; E-Mail:;Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Heart Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; E-Mails:

关键词: inotropes;    cardiac surgery;    mortality;    disparities;    heart disease;    heart failure;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph120707478

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The aim of this study was to examine racial differences in long-term mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), stratified by preoperative use of inotropic agents. Black and white patients who required preoperative inotropic support prior to undergoing CABG procedures between 1992 and 2011 were compared. Mortality probabilities were computed using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using a Cox regression model. A total of 15,765 patients underwent CABG, of whom 211 received preoperative inotropic agents within 48 hours of surgery. Long-term mortality differed by race (black versus white) among preoperative inotropic category (inotropes: adjusted HR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.009–2.4; no inotropes: adjusted HR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.08–1.2; P_interaction < 0.0001). Our study identified an independent preoperative risk-factor for long-term mortality among blacks receiving CABG. This outcome provides information that may be useful for surgeons, primary care providers, and their patients.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.