Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies

Toxics

Angela Callejo³  Lara Sedó-Cabezón²  Ivan Domènech Juan³  Jordi Llorens²  Guido Cavaletti¹ 

[1] Unitat Funcional d’Otorrinolaringologia i Al·lèrgia, Institut Universtiari Quirón Dexeus, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; E-Mail;Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain; E-Mails:;Unitat Funcional d’Otorrinolaringologia i Al·lèrgia, Institut Universtiari Quirón Dexeus, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; E-Mail:

关键词: cisplatin;    ototoxicity;    hearing loss;    protective treatment;    intratympanic;   

DOI  :  10.3390/toxics3030268

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Cisplatin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent that is widely used to treat solid organ malignancies. However, serious side effects have been associated with its use, such as bilateral, progressive, irreversible, dose-dependent neurosensory hearing loss. Current evidence indicates that cisplatin triggers the production of reactive oxygen species in target tissues in the inner ear. A variety of agents that protect against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity have been successfully tested in cell culture and animal models. However, many of them interfere with the therapeutic effect of cisplatin, and therefore are not suitable for systemic administration in clinical practice. Consequently, local administration strategies, namely intratympanic administration, have been developed to achieve otoprotection, without reducing the antitumoral effect of cisplatin. While a considerable amount of pre-clinical information is available, clinical data on treatments to prevent cisplatin ototoxicity are only just beginning to appear. This review summarizes clinical and experimental studies of cisplatin ototoxicity, and focuses on understanding its toxicity mechanisms, clinical repercussions and prevention strategies.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.