Removal of 4-Ethylphenol and 4-Ethylguaiacol with Polyaniline-Based Compounds in Wine-Like Model Solutions and Red Wine

Molecules

Verónica Carrasco-Sánchez²  Amalraj John³  Adolfo Marican³  Leonardo S. Santos³  V. Felipe Laurie²  Susan E. Ebeler¹ 

[1] School of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; E-Mail;School of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; E-Mail:;Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; E-Mails:

关键词: 4-EP;    4-EG;    polyaniline;    conjugated polymers;    wine;    QuEChERS;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules200814312

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Volatile phenols, such as 4-ethyphenol (4-EP) and 4-ethylguaiacol (4-EG), are responsible for the “Brett character” found in wines contaminated with Brettanomyces yeast (i.e., barnyard, animal, spicy and smoky aromas). In these trials, we explore the effectiveness of polyaniline-based compounds (polyaniline emeraldin salt (PANI-ES) and polyanaline emeraldin base (PANI-EB)), for the removal of 4-EP and 4-EG from acidic model solutions and red wine. First, a screening study, performed in an acidified 12% ethanol solution, was used to optimize parameters such as contact time and the amount of polymers required to remove 4-EP and 4-EG. Then, the trapping ability of PANI agents towards 4-EP and 4-EG was evaluated in a model solution containing other wine phenolics that could potentially be trapped by PANI (i.e., gallic acid and 4-methylcatechol). The results of this trial showed that both PANI compounds were capable of removing 4-EP, 4-EG, regardless of the presence of other phenolic compounds present at a much higher concentration. Finally, the capturing ability of PANI was evaluated in a red wine sample containing 5 mg·L⁻¹ of 4-EP, 5 mg·L⁻¹ of 4-EG and 2.03 ± 0.02 g·L⁻¹ of total phenolics. The results showed that PANI-EB removed significantly more 4-EP and 4-EG than PANI-ES. For instance, a treatment with 10 mg·mL⁻¹ of PANI-EB produced a 67.8% reduction of 4-EP, 50% reduction of 4-EG and 41.38% decrease in total phenols.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.