Local Management of National Cluster Policies: Comparative Case Studies of Japanese, German, and French Biotechnology Clusters

Administrative Sciences

Hiroyuki Okamuro²  Junichi Nishimura¹ 

[1] Faculty of Economics, Gakushuin University, Mejiro 1-5-1, Toshima Tokyo 171-8588, Japan; E-Mail:;Graduate School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University, Naka 2-1, Kunitachi Tokyo 186-8601, Japan

关键词: cluster policy;    cluster organization;    biotechnology;    case study;    international comparison;    Japan;    Germany;    France;   

DOI  :  10.3390/admsci5040213

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Cluster policies have attracted increasing attention worldwide, but only a few studies have focused on their management by local cluster organizations. We investigate the relationship between national cluster policies and their management by local cluster organizations from a comparative perspective. For this purpose, we provide a detailed comparison of national cluster policies in Japan, Germany, and France as well as six prominent biotechnology clusters in these countries. Information on the focal clusters and on the management of cluster policies was obtained using semi-structured interviews with cluster managers. We find that national cluster policies considerably differ among these countries according to basic conditions of clusters and that the patterns of national cluster policy are closely related to those of local cluster management, despite some differences between clusters in the same country caused by various regional characteristics.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.