Therapeutic Implications for Overcoming Radiation Resistance in Cancer Therapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Byeong Mo Kim⁵  Yunkyung Hong²  Seunghoon Lee²  Pengda Liu⁶  Ji Hong Lim⁷  Yong Heon Lee³  Tae Ho Lee⁴  Kyu Tae Chang¹  Yonggeun Hong² 

[1] National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang 28116, KoreaDepartment of Physical Therapy, College of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea;Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dongseo University, Busan 617-716, Korea;Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;Severance Integrative Research Institute for Cerebral & Cardiovascular Diseases (SIRIC), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea;

关键词: cancer therapy;    ionizing radiation (IR);    resistance;    cell death;    DNA damage;    prognostic markers;    therapeutic targets;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms161125991

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Ionizing radiation (IR), such as X-rays and gamma (γ)-rays, mediates various forms of cancer cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, mitotic catastrophe, and senescence. Among them, apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe are the main mechanisms of IR action. DNA damage and genomic instability contribute to IR-induced cancer cell death. Although IR therapy may be curative in a number of cancer types, the resistance of cancer cells to radiation remains a major therapeutic problem. In this review, we describe the morphological and molecular aspects of various IR-induced types of cell death. We also discuss cytogenetic variations representative of IR-induced DNA damage and genomic instability. Most importantly, we focus on several pathways and their associated marker proteins responsible for cancer resistance and its therapeutic implications in terms of cancer cell death of various types and characteristics. Finally, we propose radiation-sensitization strategies, such as the modification of fractionation, inflammation, and hypoxia and the combined treatment, that can counteract the resistance of tumors to IR.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.