Comparison between the Suomi-NPP Day-Night Band and DMSP-OLS for Correlating Socio-Economic Variables at the Provincial Level in China

Remote Sensing

Xin Jing¹  Xi Shao¹  Changyong Cao³  Xiaodong Fu²  Lei Yan⁴  Richard Müller³ 

[1] Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;School of Economics, Mingde Bldg, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China;;Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;School of Earth & Space Sciences, Yaogan Bldg, Peking University, No.5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China

关键词: nighttime light;    socio-economic statistics;    visible infrared imaging radiometer suite (VIIRS);    day-night band;    DMSP-OLS;   

DOI  :  10.3390/rs8010017

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Nighttime light imagery offers a unique view of the Earth’s surface. In the past, the nighttime light data collected by the DMSP-OLS sensors have been used as an efficient means to correlate regional and global socio-economic activities. With the launch of the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi-NPP) satellite in 2011, the day-night band (DNB) of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard represents a major advancement in nighttime imaging capabilities, because it surpasses its predecessor DMSP-OLS in radiometric accuracy, spatial resolution and geometric quality. In this paper, four variables (total night light, light area, average night light and log average night light) are extracted from nighttime radiance data observed by the VIIRS-DNB composite in 2013 and nighttime digital number (DN) data from the DMSP-OLS stable dataset in 2012, respectively, and correlated with 12 socio-economic parameters at the provincial level in mainland China during the corresponding period. Background noise of DNB composite data is removed using either a masking method or an optimal threshold method. In general, the correlation of these socio-economic data with the total night light and light area of VIIRS-DNB composite data is better than with the DMSP-OLS stable data. The correlations between total night light of denoised DNB composite data and built-up area, gross regional product (GRP) and power consumption are higher than 0.9 and so are the correlations between the light area of denoised DNB composite data and city and town population, built-up area, GRP, power consumption and waste water discharge. However, the correlations of socio-economic data with the average night light and log average night light of VIIRS-DNB composite data are not as good as with the DMSP-OLS stable data. To quantitatively analyze the reasons for the correlation difference, a cubic regression method is developed to correct the saturation effect of the DMSP stable data, and we artificially convert the pixel value of the DNB composite into six bits to match the DMSP stable data format. The correlation results between the processed data and socio-economic data show that the effects of saturation and quantization are two of the reasons for the correlation difference. Additionally, on this basis, we estimate the total night light ratio between saturation-corrected DMSP stable data and finite quantization DNB composite data, and it is found that the ratio is ~11.28 ± 4.02 for China. Therefore, it appears that a different acquisition time is the other reason for the correlation difference.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.