Non-Resonant Magnetoelectric Energy Harvesting Utilizing Phase Transformation in Relaxor Ferroelectric Single Crystals

Actuators

Peter Finkel⁵  Richard Pérez Moyet⁴  Marilyn Wun-Fogle¹  James Restorff¹  Jesse Kosior²  Margo Staruch⁵  Joseph Stace³  Ahmed Amin³ 

[1] Survivability, Structure and Materials Department, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Bethesda, Carderock Division, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA;Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA;Sensors and Sonar Systems Department, Naval Undersea Warfare Center Newport, Newport, RI 02841, USA;Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;Materials Science and Technology Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA;

关键词: energy harvesting;    magnetoelectric;    inter-ferroelectric phase transformation;    broadband;    low frequency;    multi-domain;   

DOI  :  10.3390/act5010002

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Recent advances in phase transition transduction enabled the design of a non-resonant broadband mechanical energy harvester that is capable of delivering an energy density per cycle up to two orders of magnitude larger than resonant cantilever piezoelectric type generators. This was achieved in a [011] oriented and poled domain engineered relaxor ferroelectric single crystal, mechanically biased to a state just below the ferroelectric rhombohedral (F_R)-ferroelectric orthorhombic (F_O) phase transformation. Therefore, a small variation in an input parameter, e.g., electrical, mechanical, or thermal will generate a large output due to the significant polarization change associated with the transition. This idea was extended in the present work to design a non-resonant, multi-domain magnetoelectric composite hybrid harvester comprised of highly magnetostrictive alloy, [Fe_81.4Ga_18.6 (Galfenol) or Tb_xDy_1-xFe₂ (Terfenol-D)], and lead indium niobate–lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate (PIN-PMN-PT) domain engineered relaxor ferroelectric single crystal. A small magnetic field applied to the coupled device causes the magnetostrictive element to expand, and the resulting stress forces the phase change in the relaxor ferroelectric single crystal. We have demonstrated high energy conversion in this magnetoelectric device by triggering the F_R-F_O transition in the single crystal by a small ac magnetic field in a broad frequency range that is important for multi-domain hybrid energy harvesting devices.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.