MicroRNA and Pathogenesis of Enterovirus Infection

Viruses

Bing-Ching Ho²  Pan-Chyr Yang¹  Sung-Liang Yu² 

[1] Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan;Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Chang-Te Street, Taipei 10048, Taiwan;

关键词: non-coding RNA;    microRNA;    apoptosis;    protein synthesis shutdown;    virus replication;   

DOI  :  10.3390/v8010011

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

There are no currently available specific antiviral therapies for non-polio Enterovirus infections. Although several vaccines have entered clinical trials, the efficacy requires further evaluation, particularly for cross-strain protective activity. Curing patients with viral infections is a public health problem due to antigen alterations and drug resistance caused by the high genomic mutation rate. To conquer these limits in the development of anti-Enterovirus treatments, a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between Enterovirus and host cells is urgently needed. MicroRNA (miRNA) constitutes the biggest family of gene regulators in mammalian cells and regulates almost a half of all human genes. The roles of miRNAs in Enterovirus pathogenesis have recently begun to be noted. In this review, we shed light on recent advances in the understanding of Enterovirus infection-modulated miRNAs. The impacts of altered host miRNAs on cellular processes, including immune escape, apoptosis, signal transduction, shutdown of host protein synthesis and viral replication, are discussed. Finally, miRNA-based medication provides a promising strategy for the development of antiviral therapy.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.