In the eye of the storm: T cell behavior in the inflammatory microenvironment

American journal of clinical and experimental immunology

Robert Haas¹  Federica Marelli-Berg¹  Claudio Mauro¹ 

关键词: T lymphocytes;    inflammatory microenvironment;    hypoxia;    pH;    fatty acids;    lactate;    reactive oxygen species;   

DOI  :  

学科分类：过敏症与临床免疫学

来源: e-Century Publishing Corporation

【 摘 要 】

Coordinated unfolding of innate and adaptive immunity is key to the development of protective immune responses. This functional integration occurs within the inflamed tissue, a microenvironment enriched with factors released by innate and subsequently adaptive immune cells and the injured tissue itself. T lymphocytes are key players in the ensuing adaptive immunity and their proper function is instrumental to a successful outcome of immune protection. The site of inflammation is a “harsh” environment in which T cells are exposed to numerous factors that might influence their behavior. Low pH and oxygen concentration, high lactate and organic acid content as well as free fatty acids and reactive oxygen species are found in the inflammatory microenvironment. All these components affect T cells as well as other immune cells during the immune response and impact on the development of chronic inflammation. We here overview the effects of a number of factors present in the inflammatory microenvironment on T cell function and migration and discuss the potential relevance of these components as targets for therapeutic intervention in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases.

【 授权许可】

Unknown