Vaccine Adjuvants: The Current Necessity of Life

lranian journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases

Sushama R. Chaphalkar¹  Amit Gupta¹ 

[1] Vidya Pratishthan’s School of Biotechnology (VSBT), Baramati, District Pune, Maharashtra, India

关键词: Vaccination;    Adjuvant;    Alum;   

DOI  :  10.17795/semj28061

学科分类：基础医学

来源: Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

【 摘 要 】

Context:Vaccinationisconsideredasthemostcosteffectivemethodforthepreventionofhumandiseases.Forthispreventionmethod,weneedcertainsubstancestoincreaseorboosttheantibodyaswellascell-mediatedimmuneresponseagainstvariousbacterialaswellasviralpathogens.Untilnow,alumwasconsideredasthesafestadjuvantforhumanuse,licensedbytheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration.Duetothepooradjuvanticityofalum,conventionalvaccinesrequiremultiplerecallinjections,atdifferenttimeintervals,toattainorsustaintheoptimalimmuneresponse.Thepresentreviewdiscussesaboutthenecessityofadjuvantsforvaccines.EvidenceAcquisition:Anumberoffactorssuchasslowreleaseofantigen(depoteffect),moreefficientdeliveryofantigentodraininglymphnodes,non-specificactivationofantigen-presentingcellsorofBand/orT-lymphocytes,increaseduptakeofantigenbyantigen-presentingcellsorincreasedrecruitmentofimmunecellstothesitewheretheantigenispresent,cancontributetoincreasedimmuneresponsestoimmunization.Manyofthesefactorsinvolvetheinteractionofvariousimmunesystemcomponentsandspecificanatomicalfeatures,makingthemdifficulttoreplicateinmodelsystemsinvitro.Results:Despitethedevelopmentofmanypotentadjuvantformulationswithvaccineantigenduringthelast80-90years,aluminumcompoundsarestilltheonlyapprovedadjuvantsusedforroutinehumanvaccines.Conclusions:Basedonpre-clinicalandpreliminaryclinicalobservations,itappearsthattherangeofadjuvantsacceptedforhumanvaccineswillexpandinthecomingyears.

【 授权许可】

Unknown