Snakes from Griesbeckerzell (Langhian, Early Badenian), North Alpine Foreland Basin (Germany), with comments on the evolution of snake faunas in Central Europe during the Miocene Climatic Optimum

Geodiversitas

Madelaine Böhme¹  Martin Ivanov¹ 

关键词: Squamata;    Boidae;    Colubridae;    Elapidae;    Viperidae;    Miocene Climatic Optimum;    North Alpine Foreland Basin;    palaeoclimate;    Squamata;    Boidae;    Colubridae;    Elapidae;    Viperidae;    Optimum climatique du Miocène;    bassin d'avant-pays nordalpin;    paléoclimat;   

DOI  :  10.5252/g2011n3a2

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Museum National d Histoire Naturelle

【 摘 要 】

Twofossil-bearinglevelsatGriesbeckerzell(thecentralpartoftheNorthAlpineForelandBasin;EarlyBadenian,MittlereSerieoftheUpperFreshwaterMolasse)haveproducedarichreptilefaunathatincludesalargenumberofsnakes,i.e.Grisbeckerzelllb(OSME,15.0–14.9Ma):Boidae:Pythonsp.;Colubridae:“Coluber”cf.caspioides;Vipendae:Viperasp.(“orientalvipers”group)orDaboiasp.;Griesbeckerzellla(beginningofunitOSMF,14.77Ma):Boidae:Bavarioboaaff.hermi,cf.Bavarioboasp.,Pythonsp.;Colubridae:“Coluber”cf.caspioides,Coluberhungaricus,“Coluber”sp.,Texasophiscf.meint,Natrixsp.;Elapidae:Micruruscf.gallicus;Viperidae:Viperasp.(“Orientalvipers”group),Viperasp.(“Europeanvipers”group;“Viperaaspiscomplex”).TheMioceneClimaticOptimum(MCO)isdocumentedincentralEuropebythepresenceofhighlythermophilousreptiletaxa,includingPythonsp.,whichisthemostthermophilousreptileknownfromtheEuropeanNeogene.ThepresenceofPythonsp.inGriesbeckerzell1apushesupthelastappearancedate(LAD)ofthislargeBooideaincentralEuropeintotheearlyMiddleMiocene.Thedramaticdecreaseintemperaturesafter14.0Ma(i.e.below16°Cinmeanannualairtemperature)wasmostprobablyresponsiblefortheextinctionoftheEuropeannon-ErycinaeBooidea,regardlessoffoodcompetition.ThegenusBavarioboa(Bavarioboaaff.hermi)andpossibly“Coluber”caspioides(“Coluber”cf.caspioides)bothhavetheirLADsinGriesbeckerzellla;Coluberhungaricusprobablyrepresentstheearliestappearance(FAD)ofthiscolubridsnake.PalaeoclimaticanalysesoftheherpetofaunaindicateforbothGriesbeckerzelllevelshumidconditionsofbetween750and1025mmmeanannualprecipitation.Temperatureestimatescombinedwithpalaeobotanicaldataindicateawarm,subtropicalclimatewithmeanannualtemperaturesof18.6to20.8°C,coldmonthtemperatureswith12.6to13.3°C,andwarmmonthtemperatureswith25.1to28.1°C.

【 授权许可】

Unknown