Tracers: the use of chemical agents for hydrological, environmental, petrochemical and biological studies

Química Nova

Donnici, Claudio Luis¹  Silva, Láuris Lucia da¹  Ayala, José Danilo¹  Freitas, Cíntia Helena de¹  Moreira, Rubens Martins¹  Pinto, Amenônia Maria Ferreira¹  Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil¹  Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, Belo Horizonte, Brasil¹ 

关键词: tracers;    definitions and classifications;    technological applications.;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0100-40422009000600042

学科分类：化学（综合）

来源: Sociedade Brasileira de Quimica

【 摘 要 】

This paper presents a revision of the history, definitions, and classification of tracers (natural and artificial, internal and external). The fundamental ideas concerning tracers are described, followed by their application illustrated by typical examples. The advantages and disadvantages of five classes among the most frequently used external tracers (fluorescent, microbial, chemical, radioactive and activable isotopes) are also described in detail. This review also presents some interesting and modern applications of tracers in the areas of diagnostics in medical practice, environmental pollution, hydrology and petroleum chemistry.

【 授权许可】

Unknown