Superficial Bladder Cancer: An Update on Etiology, Molecular Development, Classification, and Natural History

Reviews in Urology

Anirban P Mitra¹  John P Stein¹  Richard J Cote¹  David Y Josephson¹  Erik Pasin¹ 

[1] *Department of Urology Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA

关键词: Bladder neoplasms;    Non-muscle-invasive tumor;    Molecular mechanisms;    Genitourinary tumors;    Transitional cell carcinoma;   

DOI  :  

学科分类：基础医学

来源: MedReviews, LLC

【 摘 要 】

Superficial “non—muscle-invasive” bladder tumors represent a heterogeneous group of cancers, including those that are (1) papillary in nature and limited to the mucosa, (2) high grade and flat and confined to the epithelium, and (3) invasive into the submucosa, or lamina propria. The goal of treatment is 2-fold: (1) to reduce tumor recurrence and the subsequent need for additional therapies and the morbidity associated with these treatments and (2) to prevent tumor progression and the subsequent need for more aggressive therapy. This update reviews important contemporary concepts in the etiology, molecular mechanisms, classification, and natural history of superficial bladder cancer.

【 授权许可】

Unknown