Atmospheric NH3 dynamics at a typical pig farm in China and their implications

Developmental Biology

Marco Roelcke¹  Eberhand Hartung³  Eva Gallmann⁴  Roxana M. Huaitalla⁴  Jianlin Shen²  Xuejun Liu⁵  Kun Zheng⁵  Lingmin Meng⁵  Wen Xu⁵  Fusuo Zhang⁵ 

[1] Institute of Geoecology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 19c, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany$$;Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China$$;Institute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany$$;Institute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany$$;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China$$

关键词: Ammonia;    concentration;    emission;    industrial pig farm;    gan qing fen system;   

DOI  :  10.5094/APR.2014.053

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Dokuz Eylul Universitesi * Department of Environmental Engineering

【 摘 要 】

This study investigated NH₃ concentrations in and around a large–scale commercial pig farm with the so–called “gan qing fen” manure collection system near Beijing from April 2009 to August 2011. NH₃ emissions from the fattening pig houses were calculated based on the heat balance method. Monthly concentrations of time–averaged NH₃ in and near the pig house averaged 3 392 and 182 μg m⁻³ and ranged from 1 044 to 7 514 μg m⁻³ and 35.4 to 478 μg m⁻³, respectively. Daily NH₃ concentrations varied from 767 to 2 389 μg m⁻³ in the pig house and 184 to 574 μg m⁻³ outside. Time–averaged NH₃ concentrations varied from 21.6 to 558 μg m⁻³ within the farm while concentrations outside the farm ranged from 38.4 μg m⁻³ at a distance of 10 m to 14.0 μg m⁻³ at a distance of 650 m. Calculated average NH₃ emission rates per pig were highest in summer and lowest in winter, 8.0 ± 5.5 (average±standard deviation) and 2.0 ± 0.4 g day⁻¹ pig⁻¹, respectively. Average NH₃ emission rates (normalized to 500 kg live weight, expressed as AU) were highest during spring and summer (average 65.4 ± 25.0 and 53.7 ± 35.6 g day⁻¹ AU⁻¹) and lowest in autumn and winter (average 25.4 ± 9.3 and 13.7 ± 2.7 g day⁻¹ AU⁻¹). Average NH₃ emission per area (m²) from house was almost three times higher in summer (average 3.5 ± 2.4 g day⁻¹ m⁻²) than in winter (average 1.1 ± 0.3 g day⁻¹ m⁻²).

【 授权许可】

Unknown   

【 预 览 】

附件列表

Files	Size	Format	View
RO201912040527803ZK.pdf	521KB	PDF