Chemical characterization of roadside PM2.5 and black carbon in Macao during a summer campaign

Developmental Biology

Jiaqi Li³  Jiming Hao⁴  Liu Yang⁵  Ye Wu⁴  Zhishi Wang²  Shaojie Song¹  Xuan Zheng³ 

[1] School of Environment, and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China$$Now at Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA$$;Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China$$;School of Environment, and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China$$;School of Environment, and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China$$State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China$$;Division of Environment and Resources Research, Transport Planning and Research Institute, Beijing 100028, China$$

关键词: Fine particulate matter;    vehicle emission;    chemical composition;    size distribution;   

DOI  :  10.5094/APR.2014.044

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Dokuz Eylul Universitesi * Department of Environmental Engineering

【 摘 要 】

Air pollution is the leading environmental concern in Macao. The temporal variations of particulate matter (PM) and black carbon (BC) mass concentrations and the size–resolved PM_2.5 chemical compositions, including trace elements and carbonaceous species, were measured in Macao during a near–road summer campaign. The average concentrations for PM₁₀, PM_2.5 and BC at a roadside measurement site were 37.8 μg m⁻³, 31.4 μg m⁻³ and 5.6 μg m⁻³, respectively. Results showed that local emissions contributed at least 35% to PM_2.5 mass in Macao. Higher BC concentrations were observed in the daytime than at night, consistent with the diurnal variations of traffic flow. Factor analysis classified trace elements into three categories, representing crustal sources (Mg, Si, Al, Na, Fe, Ca and K), road traffic sources (Cu and Co) and secondary inorganic particle formation (S). Crustal elements and road traffic elements were enriched in the size ranges of >1.0 μm and <0.2 μm, respectively. The unimodal distribution pattern with a peak at <0.2 μm for organic carbon (OC) was probably due to secondary organic aerosol formation, whereas about 70% of elemental carbon (EC) was in the size range of 0.2–1.0 μm. Secondary organic aerosols were found to be a strong contributor to PM in the size ranges of <0.2 μm and 1.0–2.5 μm.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   

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