Chemical characterization of coarse particulate matter in the Desert Southwest – Pinal County Arizona, USA

Developmental Biology

Paul A. Solomon¹  Pierre Herckes³  Jeffrey Lantz⁷  Michael Sundblom⁶  Nabin Upadhyay⁴  Matthew P. Fraser²  Andrea L. Clements⁵ 

[1] U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, 944 E. Harmon Ave, Rm. 235, Las Vegas, NV 89119$$;School of Sustainability and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, PO Box 875306, Tempe, AZ 85287$$;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, PO Box 871604, Tempe, AZ 85287$$;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, PO Box 871604, Tempe, AZ 85287 (Currently with Conoco Phillips–Qatar)$$;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street MS–519, Houston, TX 77005 (Currently with the Department of Atmospheric Science at Colorado State University)$$;Pinal County Air Quality Control District, 31 N Pinal St # F, Florence, AZ 85132 (Currently with the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality)$$;U.S. EPA, Office of Air and Radiation, P.O. Box 98517 Las Vegas, NV 89193$$

关键词: Desert aerosols;    coarse particles;    fine particles;    chemical composition;   

DOI  :  10.5094/APR.2014.007

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Dokuz Eylul Universitesi * Department of Environmental Engineering

【 摘 要 】

The Desert Southwest Coarse Particulate Matter Study was undertaken to further our understanding of ambient concentrations and the composition of fine and coarse particles in rural, arid environments. Sampling was conducted in Pinal County, Arizona between February 2009 and February 2010. The goals of this study were to: (1) chemically characterize the coarse and fine fraction of the ambient particulate matter in terms of mass, ions, elements, bulk organic and elemental carbon; (2) examine the temporal and spatial variability of particles within the area using a series of three sampling locations and use this information to determine the contribution of local vs. regional sources; (3) collect, re–suspend, and chemically characterize various crustal sources within the area to identify differences which may isolate them (crustal sources) as independent sources, and; (4) use a receptor based modeling approach to identify particle sources and the relative impact of each on ambient PM concentrations. This work reviews the study objectives, design, site descriptions, and measurement techniques relevant to this research effort and presents the general characteristics of PM during the study period. This unique dataset will support efforts to reduce PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentrations in the area to below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for these pollutants.

Coarse particle concentrations are, on average, approximately 5 times fine particle mass concentrations within the region. Coarse particle concentrations in Pinal County are highest during spring and fall seasons, consistent with the tilling and harvesting seasons while fine particles concentrations are highest during fall. Crustal material is the dominant component of coarse particle composition, representing 50% of the mass on average followed closely by organic matter representing 15%. Fine particles still contain a significant crustal fraction (30%) but organic matter dominates at 37% of the particle mass.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   

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