Nature of light rain during presence and absence of bright band

Journal of Earth system science

S B Morwal1¹  S K Das1¹  Mahen Konwar1¹  R S Maheskumar1¹ 

[1] Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune 411 008, India.$$

关键词: Precipitation;    stratiform;    bright band;    microphysics.;   

DOI  :  

学科分类：天文学(综合)

来源: Indian Academy of Sciences

【 摘 要 】

This paper reports the evolution of rain drop size distribution (DSD) during bright band (BB) and no-BB (NBB) conditions of low intensity rainfall events as observed by a vertically pointing Micro Rain Radar (MRR) over Pune (18.58°N, 73.92°E), India. The BB is identified by enhanced radar reflectivity factor 𝑍 (dBZ) at the 0°C isotherm. The gradient of hydrometeor fall velocity is found to be a good indicator in identifying the melting layer when enhanced radar reflectivity at melting layer is not prominent. The storm structures as observed by the MRR are compared with CloudSat observations that provide evidence of ice hydrometeor at ∼−60°C with clear indication of BB at 0°C. Storm heights at warmer than 0°C are evident during NBB conditions from CloudSat. This suggests that warm rain processes are responsible for producing rain during NBB conditions. During BB conditions, bimodal DSDs below the melting layer are observed at lower altitudes. The DSDs of shallow warm precipitating systems of NBB conditions are monomodal at all the altitudes. Significantly, normalized DSDs are found to be bimodal for BB conditions, and monomodal for NBB conditions which confirm different dominant microphysical processes. It is found that the observed bimodal DSDs during BB conditions are mainly due to the collision, coalescence and break-up processes. During NBB conditions, number and size of large raindrops grow while reaching the ground without much breakup. The radar reflectivity and rainfall intensity 𝑅 (mmh−1) relationship of the form 𝑍 = 𝑎𝑅b are found out for BB and NBB conditions. Existing different microphysical processes lead to large coefficient in the 𝑍–𝑅 relationship with small exponent during BB conditions while during NBB conditions the coefficients are small with large exponents.

【 授权许可】

Unknown