Chemotaxonomic studies on Schwenckia americana LINN.

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

WAHUA, C.¹ 

关键词: Morphological;    Cytological;    Studies;    Anatomical;    Phytochemical;   

DOI  :  

学科分类：环境科学（综合）

来源: University of Port Harcourt * Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry

【 摘 要 】

This study investigated the chemotaxonomic studies on Schwenckia americanaLinn., a member of the family Solanaceae predominantly found mostly in low grass fields,Nigeria. The habit is annual herbaceous weed with slender stem characterized with freebranching and growing up to 45cm in height.They are used mainly as medicine. The leaves aresimple, entire, elliptic to ovate in shape, smooth, variable, petiolate and larger at the lowerregion of stem and narrowing to smaller almost sessile and oblanceolate towards the apicalregions which are alternately arranged and acrescently structured from the top to the base upto3.7 ± 1.5cm long and 2.4±0.6cm wide. The inflorescence is a panicle of 15 or more flowersoccurring at stem terminal.The flowers are whitish tubular structures measuring up to 1.0±0.2cmin length and 0.1cm in diameter. The petals are whitish up to 0.9 ±0.2cm in length and sepalsare greenish up to 0.1cm in length. The berry fruit is greenish when unripe and pale yellowishwhen ripe up to 0.3±0.1cm in diameter. The seeds are blackish and spherical or triangularshaped with rough edges measuring up to 0.1cm in diameter. The epidermal studies revealanomocytic stomata whereas the trichomes are simple uniseriate forms wth bulge heads. Theanatomy of mid-ribs and petioles showed bicollateral vascular systems. There are three vasculartraces and the node is unilacunar. The petioles have 2 rib traces at primary growth phase. Atsecondary growth phase, the mid-rib and petiole revealed vascular arcs and the stem has a ringof open vascular system. The cytological studies showed a diploid chromosome number of 2n =24 and n = 12 for the haploids. Alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phlobatannins, flavonoids,combined anthraquinones, free anthraquinones and cardiac glycosides are present.

【 授权许可】

Unknown