Frequency Domain Watermarking: An Overview

International Arab Journal of Information Technology (IAJIT)

Maryam Madani¹  Shadpour Mallakpour² 

[1] Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. Iran$$Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. IranDepartment of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. Iran$$;Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. Iran$$Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Institute, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. Iran$$Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. IranDepartment of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. Iran$$Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Institute, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. Iran$$Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Institute, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. IranDepartment of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. Iran$$Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Institute, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, I. R. Iran$$

关键词: Watermarking;    steganography;    information hiding;    frequency domain;    human visual system.;   

DOI  :  

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Zarqa University

【 摘 要 】

With rapid growth in computer network and information technology, a large number of copyrighted works now exist digitally as a computer files, and electronic publishing is becoming more popular. These improvements in computer technology increase the problems associated with copyright enforcement and thus future developments of networked multimedia systems are conditioned by the development of efficient methods to protect ownership rights against unauthorized copying and redistribution. Digital watermarking has recently emerged as a candidate to solve this difficult problem. In the first part of this paper we introduces an overview to digital watermarking: The general framework, its main applications, the most important properties, the main aspects used to classify watermarking, and we discuss the attacks that watermarking system may face. Finally we introduce human visual system and its interaction with watermarking as well as some open problems in digital watermarking. In the second part we introduce an overview of watermarking in frequency domain. The general properties for frequency domain as well as specific properties for each sub-domain are introduced. The sub-domains considered are discrete cosine domain, discrete wavelet domain and discrete Fourier domain. We also introduce some different watermarking techniques in each category.Keywords: Watermarking, steganography, information hiding, frequency domain, human visual system.Received August 9, 2003; accepted March 8, 2004Full Text

【 授权许可】

Unknown