Potential of Noninvasive Serial Assessment of Acute Renal Allograft Rejection by 18F-FDG PET to Monitor Treatment Efficiency

Journal of Nuclear Medicine

Eberhard Schlatter¹  Stefan Reuter¹  Uta Schnöckel¹  Otmar Schober¹  Rita Schröter¹  Bayram Edemir¹  Michael Schäfers¹  Dominik Kentrup¹  Gert Gabriëls¹  Hermann Pavenstädt¹ 

关键词: renal transplantation;    acute rejection;    ¹⁸F-FDG PET;   

DOI  :  10.2967/jnumed.110.078550

学科分类：医学（综合）

来源: Society of Nuclear Medicine

【 摘 要 】

We propose 18F-FDG PET as a method to monitor acute rejection of allogeneic renal transplants in a rat model. Methods: Allogeneically transplanted (aTX) rats (binephrectomized Lewis–brown Norway to Lewis) served as the renal transplant model. aTX rats treated with cyclosporine A (CSA) served as a therapy monitoring group. Healthy control rats, rats with acute CSA nephrotoxicity, rats with acute tubular necrosis, syngeneically transplanted (sTX) rats, and aTX rats treated with CSA since postoperative day 0 served as controls. After surgery, renal glucose metabolism was assessed in vivo serially up to postoperative day 7 by performing small-animal PET 3 h after intravenous injection of 30 MBq of 18F-FDG. Mean radioactivity (cps/mm3 of tissue) was measured and the percentage injected dose calculated. Results were confirmed by histologic, functional, and autoradiographic analysis. Results: Renal 18F-FDG uptake was significantly elevated at postoperative day 4 in aTX rats, when compared with control, sTX, acute tubular necrosis, or CSA-treated rats (P < 0.05). In vivo 18F-FDG uptake correlated with the results of autoradiography and with inflammatory infiltrates observed on histologic examination. Notably, 18F-FDG PET assessed the response to therapy 48 h earlier than the time at which serum creatinine decreased and when histologic examination still showed signs of allograft rejection. In aTX rats, the CSA-susceptible graft infiltrate was dominated by activated cytotoxic T cells and monocytes/macrophages. Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET is an option to noninvasively assess early response to therapy in rat renal allograft rejection.

【 授权许可】

Unknown