Alveolar macrophages in diabetes: friends or foes?

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

Karen K. S. Sunahara¹  Joilson O. Martins¹ 

[1] Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of São Paulo University (FCF/USP), São Paulo, Brazil Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of São Paulo University (FCF/USP), São Paulo, Brazil Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of São Paulo University (FCF/USP), São Paulo, Brazil

关键词: insulin;    diabetes mellitus;    innate immunity;    adaptive immunity;    phagocytosis;    cytokines;    macrophage polarization;    M1;    M2;   

DOI  :  10.1189/jlb.0911488

学科分类：生理学

来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

【 摘 要 】

AMs constitute an important bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. AMs patrol the lungs against pathogens, remove senescent cells, and help repair tissue. AM function is altered in many diseases, including DM, where AM abnormal immune responses may worsen infections or lead to exacerbation of inflammatory reactions. In vivo experimental models have greatly contributed to our knowledge of AM function. Studies have shown that during hyperglycemic states, the phagocytic function of AMs and the expression of adhesion molecules may be altered, interfering with the recruitment of immune cells to the inflammatory site. Insulin treatment seems to recover the normal function of impaired AMs. However, much research is still needed to characterize AMs and to better understand their role in inflammation and infection, particularly in diabetic patients. In this review, we attempt to explore recently accumulated knowledge about AM function and how this function is deficient in DM. Additionally, AM polarization is compared briefly with that of T cells, and this may interfere with how immune response is driven. This review discusses how impaired AMs lead to an aberrant immune response that contributes to worsening infection and autoimmunity, opening up discussion for future work in the field.

【 授权许可】

Unknown