新潟県における水田転換畑ダイズの収量低下要因

日本作物学会紀事

大山 卓爾¹  服部 誠²  藤田 与一²  樋口 泰浩²  佐藤 徹²  南雲 芳文²  高橋 能彦¹ 

[1] 新潟大学大学院自然科学研究科;新潟県農業総合研究所作物研究センター

关键词: Available soil nitrogen;    可給態窒素;    Continuous cropping;    連作;    Paddy-upland rotation;    田畑輪換;    Pod numbers;    莢数;    Soybean;    ダイズ;    Yield;    収量;    Yield component;    収量構成要素;   

DOI  :  10.1626/jcs.82.11

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Nihon Sakumotsu Gakkai / Crop Science Society of Japan

【 摘 要 】

Recently, soybean yields in Niigata Prefecture have been subjected to wide annual fluctuation, and both the seed yield and quality have decreased in the last decade. This trend was confirmed based on the soybean yield statistics in Niigata Prefecture. We investigated the relationship between soybean seed yield and cropping system, and the effects of nitrogen fertility in soil and climatic factors on the yield. The yield decreased dramatically in the fields where soybean cropping continued for over four years. The recent decline in soybean yield was attributed to the decrease in pod number and seed weight. Compared with a continuous paddy field, a long-term paddy-upland rotation field had less available soil nitrogen during the soybean-growing period, especially from the beginning of the bloom (R1) stage onward. The low level of available nitrogen in the soil of long-term rotated fields was suggested to reduce pod number and seed growth. It was also suggested that on increasing amount of solar irradiation increased the pod number in early August, from the beginning-bloom to beginning-pod (R1-3) stages, and that, the heavy rains in mid-August, during the full-pod to beginning-seed filling (R4-5) stages, caused a short-term wet damage, which triggered a decline in nodule activity along with premature pod fall.

【 授权许可】

Unknown