2004年台風15号の潮風害による水稲被害の特徴と減収率の推定

日本作物学会紀事

柴田 康志¹  森 静香¹  藤井 弘志²  松田 裕之¹ 

[1] 山形県農業総合研究センター農業生産技術試験場庄内支場;山形大学農学部

关键词: Rice screening weight;    屑米重;    Rate of yield decrease;    減収率;    Percentage of dying rachis branch;    枝梗枯れ数歩合;    Salty wind damage;    潮風害;    Percentage of ripened grains;    登熟歩合;    Amount of NaCl adhesion per panicle;    1穂塩化ナトリウム量;   

DOI  :  10.1626/jcs.77.13

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Nihon Sakumotsu Gakkai / Crop Science Society of Japan

【 摘 要 】

Percentage of dying rachis branches and ripened grains of rice plant exposed to salty winds due to typhoon no. 15, 2004 in the Shonai area of Yamagata prefecture was investigated, to evaluate the effect of salty wind on the yield and quality of the rice plant and mechanism of the yield decrease. Percentage of dying rachis branches increased with an increasing amount of salt adhesion per panicle up to 1mg NaCl/panicle. Percentages of ripened grains and whole grain decreased with an increasing percentage of dying rachis branches. On the other hand, protein content of brown rice tended to increase with an increasing percentage of dying rachis branch. Weight of brown rice per unit area tended to decrease with an increasing percentage of dying rachis branches. In contrast, rice screening weight per unit area tended to increase with an increasing percentage of dying rachis branches. Weight of brown rice was"Sasanishiki">"Haenuki">"Koshihikari". Weight of brown rice per unit area was significantly correlated with rice screening weight and the rate of grains distribution with a (>1.9mm) thickness. In contrast, the weight of brown rice per unit area was not correlated with the number of spikelets per unit area. The yield of rice plants suffering from salty wind damage was reduced by the following factors. (a) adhesion of salt to the panicle, (b) occurrence of dying rachis branch, and (c) occurrence of incompletely filled gains or rice screenings, resulting in the reduction of brown rice weight. The rate of yield decrease was estimated from relationship between weight of brown rice and percentage of dying rachis branch. Even at the same percentage of dying rachis branches, it was higher in “Haenuki” than in “Sasanishiki”. Thus the equation of relationship between the weight of brown rice and percentage of dying rachis branches was separated into 2 lines. These results suggested that the rate of yield decrease was affected by the percentage of ripened grains more greatly than the number of days after heading when attacked by a typhoon.

【 授权许可】

Unknown