西日本暖地で栽培した北海道育成コムギ品種ハルユタカの下位葉除去処理と分げつ除去処理が粒重に及ぼす影響

日本作物学会紀事

柴田 香織¹  張 立¹  島内 佳奈恵¹  高橋 肇¹  中川 悠子¹  藤本 香奈¹  山口 真司¹  飯山 豪¹ 

[1] 山口大学

关键词: Crop growth rate;    個体群成長速度;    Defoliating lower leaves;    下位葉除去;    Detaching tillers;    分げつ除去;    Grain weight;    粒重;    Haruyutaka;    ハルユタカ;    Overluxuriant growth;    過繁茂;    Triticum aestivum L;    コムギ（Triticum aestivum L．）;    ソース/シンク比;   

DOI  :  10.1626/jcs.73.276

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Nihon Sakumotsu Gakkai / Crop Science Society of Japan

【 摘 要 】

In the Hokkaido-bred wheat cultivar Haruyutaka grown in a warm district of western Japan, crop growth rate (CGR) during ripening period was low and a kernel weight was light. The low CGR was caused by a low net assimilation rate (NAR), although the mean green surface area index (GAI) was high. Hypothesizing that an overluxuriant canopy of Haruyutaka caused the low NAR, we released the canopy from the overluxuriant condition by removing the lower leaves or detaching tillers. We removed the lower leaves except for the flag and second leaves at the flag-leaf expanding stage, or detached all tillers as the tillers emerged. The removal of lower leaves increased the kernel weight of Haruyutaka in some seasons, when this defoliation increased NAR and CGR during ripening period. In addition, it increased the water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of culms from anthesis to the milk ripe stage in Haruyutaka, suggesting that the increased WSC was translocated to the grain at the maturation stage. Detaching of tillers decreased the numbers of ears and kernels, although it increased the 1000-grain weight. These results suggest that the removal of lower leaves could increase kernel weight by releasing the canopy from an overluxuriant condition, and thus increasing grain weight, although it largely decreases the source/sink ratio in Haruyutaka.

【 授权许可】

Unknown