Physical Composition, Nutrients and Contaminants of Typical Waste Dumping Sites | Science Publications

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

R. K. Narwal¹  Jagmohan Saini¹  R. Anlauf¹  H. Meuser¹  K. S. Grewal¹  R. S. Malik¹ 

关键词: Heavy metals;    organic pollutants;    plant nutrients;    aqua regia extract;    DTPA extract;    Electrical Conductivity (EC);    composting technology;    potentially toxic;    dumping material;    recycling activities;    leachate runoff;   

DOI  :  10.3844/ajessp.2011.26.34

学科分类：环境科学（综合）

来源: Science Publications

【 摘 要 】

Problem statement: The composition of wastes is quite variable depending upon thegenerating source and mode of collection. Most of the material from the domestic activities will beorganic in nature and contains essential plant nutrients, whereas the dumping material of commercialand industrial wastes usually contains appreciable amounts of heavy and potentially toxic metals andorganic pollutants. Approach: Objective of the present study was to characterize the physico-chemicalproperties of the waste material and the distribution and extent of toxic pollutants in three selectedtypical dumping sites in the state of Haryana, India. Results: 62-65% of the waste fine materialconsisted of mineral particles and biodegradable organic waste, 20-25% consisted of construction anddemolition waste and the remaining 10-15% were other materials such as study, plastic, metals, glassand timber, with an amount of polyethene of 3.4-5.7%. The ratio of the plant available concentrationsof P, K and S and their total amounts were 3-7% for P and 1-4% for S, whereas the macronutrientpotassium reached values of 29-39%. Metals As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were present in allsamples (total concentration in aqua regia extract). As, Ba, Ni and Pb did not show clear differencesbetween the three investigates sites. Cd, Cr and Zn concentrations were high but different at thedifferent sites (Cu maximum: 1,964 mg kg⁻¹, Zn maximum: 2,200 mg kg⁻¹). The mobility of the metalswas calculated as the ratio of DTPA/aqua regia extraction. Cd showed the highest ratio (18-22%),while the other calculated metals showed much lower ratios (Cu 6.7, Pb 7.9 Ni 2.1, Zn 3.6 and Cr0.5%). In general, PAH and benzo(a)pyrene concentrations fell below the detection limit. Also thephenol index did not exceed the detection limit of 1.2 mg kg⁻¹ (with two exceptions). In 14 out of 36samples a GC-MS screening was conducted in order to get an overview of the organic pollutantsusually present in the dumpsites. In all cases there was no relevant amount of organic pollutants thatwould be capable of measurement. Conclusion: The dumping sites are plant nutrient deposits,particularly for K, which could be used in future in a line with ideas of urban mining. The use of thewaste material for fertilizing purposes may be restricted due to the metal contaminant concentrations.The analyzed organic pollutants did not indicate problematical concentrations.

【 授权许可】

Unknown