Production of haploid plants from ten hybrids of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through wide hybridization with maize (Zea mays L.)

Agriscientia

Torres, L.E.³  Maich, R.³  Badiali, O.J.J.²  Bima, P.³  Nisi, J.¹ 

[1] INTA, Argentina;Universidad Nacionald de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina;Universidad Nacionald de Córdoba

关键词: : Bread wheat;    Haploid plants;    Wide hybridization;    Maize pollenProducció;    n de plantas haploides a partir de 10 hí;    bridos de trigo para pan (Triticum aestivum L;   

DOI  :  

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Universidad Nacional de Cordoba * Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias

【 摘 要 】

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue obtener plantas haploides de trigo para pan mediante hibridación interespecífica con maíz. Se utilizaron 10 híbridos de trigo para pan (madre) y una población de maíz (donante de polen); se llevaron a cabo dos ensayos en distintas estaciones de cultivo. Cada espiga de trigo fue emasculada manualmente y polinizada dos veces con polen fresco de maíz; las flores polinizadas se pulverizaron con una solución de 2,4-D (100 mg l-1), la que también se inyectó en la base de la espiga. Las semillas se cosecharon a los 15 y 21 días posteriores a la polinización. Los embriones recuperados se colocaron en tubos conteniendo medio de cultivo B5. Las 10 combinaciones híbridas produjeron semillas, de ocho de los híbridos se recuperaron embriones y en seis de ellos los embriones desarrollaron plantas haploides. Estos resultados muestran que existe influencia del genotipo del trigo sobre el porcentaje de formación de embriones haploides. Independientemente del genotipo materno, la estación de cultivo y la edad de los embriones recuperados, 69,4% de las flores polinizadas formaron caryopses, 5,5% de los caryopses formados desarrollaron embriones presuntamente haploides (por sus fenotipos morfológicos) y 26,1% de los embriones recuperados desarrollaron plantas haploides.Palabras clave: Trigo para pan; Plantas haploides; Hibridación interespecífica; Polen de maíz Fecha de recepción: 04/06/10; fecha de aceptación: 02/12/10 ABBREVIATIONSDH: Doubled haploid 2,4-D: diclorofenoxiacetic acid Hyb: hybrid combination Cl: Chlorine CC: Cooperación Calquín variety PI-E: ProINTA Elite variety DE-I: Don Ernesto INTA variety PI-F: ProINTA Federal variety PI-IV: ProINTA Isla Verde variety INTRODUCTIONThe use of doubled haploids (DH) improves the efficiency of cultivar development because it allows to reduce the time required to achieve homozygosis in breeding lines (Viscarra Torrico, 2001; Polci et al., 2005); besides, DH are helpful tools in genetic and molecular studies (Picca & Cardone, 2004). An essential step towards developing DH lines is the production of haploid plants. In cereals, haploid plants can be mainly obtained by in vitro anther culture or wide hybridization; both techniques have the advantage of allowing the development of completely homozygous lines from heterozygous parental lines in a single generation (Riera-Lizarazu et al., 1992; Lefebvre & Devaux, 1996; Bistch et al., 1998; Verma et al., 1999; Mehtá & Angra, 2000; Viscarra Torrico, 2001; Jobet et al., 2003; Chaudhary et al., 2005) The wide hybridization process leading to haploid recovery was first reported by Kasha & Kao (1970), who observed that crosses between barley (Hordeum vulgare) x Hordeum bulbosum leaded to egg fertilization and subsequent chromosome elimination of H. bulbosum during the initial stages of embryo development. Using in vitro culture techniques, they could recover those embryos and obtain barley haploid plants. In 1975, Barclay demonstrated that this method was also applicable to wheat, but the effect of the Kr1 and Kr2 crossability genes of wheat restricted the use of the bulbosum technique only to those wheat genotypes with recessive alleles at the Kr loci (Snape, 1989). In 1988, Laurie & Bennett found that it was possible to regenerate haploid plants from wheat x maize crosses; moreover, maize fertilization has shown to be relatively insensitive to the action of dominant Kr1 and Kr2 alleles, being the wide hybridization with maize also applicable in oat, triticale, barley and rye. Although the wide hybridization technique allows to obtain a maximum of one haploid embryo per floret, it results more efficient and less genotype-dependent than other haploid production methods (i. e. anther culture) in cereals.Wheat haploid plant production by hybridization with maize pollen has been widely used in many countries; in fact, by applying this technique haploid plants were successfully obtained in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Riera-Lizarazu et al., 1992; Matzk & Mahn, 1994; Lefebvre & Devaux, 1996; Suenaga et al., 1997; Bistch et al., 1998; Verma et al., 1999; Mehtá & Angra, 2000; Martins-Lopes et al., 2001; Jobet et al., 2003; Biesaga-Koscielniak et al., 2003; Kaushik et al., 2004; Sirohi et al., 2004; Chaudhary et al., 2005) as well as durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) (O`Donoughue & Bennett, 1994; Cherkaoui et al., 2000; Garcia-Llamas et al., 2004). In Argentina there are only a few reports about wheat haploid production (Viscarra Torrico, 2001; Polci et al., 2005).Taking into account the importance of the cultivation of wheat for human consumption as well as the possibility of reducing the time required for obtaining new cultivars, the aim of this work was to obtain haploid plants of bread wheat through wide hybridization with maize from ten F1 hybrids derived from crosses between commercial varieties with excellent yield potential and good industrial quality, developed in Argentina.MATERIALS AND ME

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC