Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents

Public Health Nutrition

Joy Ngo¹  Lluís Serra-Majem¹  Lourdes Ribas¹  Alicia García¹  Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo¹  Javier Aranceta¹  Rosa M Ortega¹ 

关键词: Dietary habits;    Mediterranean diet;    Children;    Spain;    Determinants;   

DOI  :  10.1079/PHN2004556

学科分类：卫生学

来源: Cambridge University Press

【 摘 要 】

Objective:To evaluate dietary habits in Spanish children and adolescents based on a Mediterranean Diet Quality Index tool, which considers certain principles sustaining and challenging traditional healthy Mediterranean dietary patterns.Design:Observational population-based cross-sectional study. A 16-item Mediterranean Diet Quality Index was included in data gathered for the EnKid study (in which two 24-hour recalls, a quantitative 169-item food-frequency questionnaire and a general questionnaire about socio-economic, demographic and lifestyle items were administered).Setting:Spain.Subjects:In total, 3850 children and youths aged 2–24 years residing in Spain.Results:Of the sample, 4.2% showed very low KIDMED index results, 49.4% had intermediate values and 46.4% had high index results. Important geographical differences were seen, with subjects from the Northeast showing the most favourable outcomes (52% with elevated scores vs. 37.5% of those from the North). Lower percentages of high diet quality were observed in low socio-economic groups, compared with middle and upper income cohorts (42.8%, 47.6% and 54.9%, respectively). Large cities had more positive results and only slight variations were seen for gender and age.Conclusions:The KIDMED index, the first to evaluate the adequacy of Mediterranean dietary patterns in children and youth, confirms that this collective is undergoing important changes, which makes them a priority target for nutrition interventions. Results challenge certain commonly perceived notions tied to income level, population size and diet quality.

【 授权许可】

Unknown