Cover crops and their effects on the biomass yield of Serjania marginata plants

Ciência Rural

Gonçalves, Wander Luiz Farias³  Formagio, Anelise Samara Nazari³  Tabaldi, Luciane Almeri³  Vieira, Maria do Carmo³  Zárate, Nestor Antonio Heredia³  Gassi, Rosimeire Pereira³  Pilecco, Márcio³  Padovan, Milton Parron²  Silva, Luan Ramos da¹ 

[1] UFGD, Dourados, Brasil;Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, Dourados, Brasil;Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Brasil

关键词: Sapindaceae;    timbó;    Stizolobium aterrimum;    Crotalaria spectabilis;    Canavalia ensiformes.;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0103-84782012000400006

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria * Centro de Ciencias Rurais

【 摘 要 】

The use of covercrops can reduce or even eliminate the use of nitrogenous fertilizers, contributingto a more sustainable agriculture and ensuring the conservation of natural resources.Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate the use of cover crops to improvethe biomass yield of Serjania marginata plants. The experimentwas carried out at the Federal University of Grande Dourados, in Dourados-MS,from December 2009 to February 2011. A split plot design was used in a randomizedblock design with four replications, being evaluated in plots three speciesof tropical legumes (Stizolobium aterrimum, Crotalaria spectabilisand Canavalia ensiformes, and one control plot (without covercrops), and in subplots the addition or not of nitrogen (N) (at 150 days aftertransplant (DAT)). Plants of S. marginata in each subplot wereharvested at 240 and 350 DAT. S. aterrimum and C. ensiformesshowed higher accumulation of fresh (average of 37.61t ha^-1) anddry (average of 6.39t ha^-1) biomass of shoot in flowering, comparedwith the C. spectabilis (21.92 and 4.63t ha^-1, respectively).The contribution of cover crops as a likely source of N only was observed forS. aterrimum and C. ensiforme, which promoted anincrease in chlorophyll index, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves andstem of S. marginata plants, in absence of N. In leaves of S.marginata, only C. ensiformes contributed significantlyto an increase in N levels, while an increase in K levels was observed withall cover crop treatments, when compared to control. Pre-cultivation with S.aterrimum and C. ensiformes provided an increase in Plevels in leaves of S. marginata. Therefore, S. aterrimumand C. ensiformes were the most promising cover crops for growingof S. marginata, improving the biomass yield and probably theN economy.

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC