Traffic related air pollution and population health: a review about São Paulo (SP), Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

Toledo, Giovana Iara Ferreira Moser de¹  Nardocci, Adelaide Cássia¹ 

[1] Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil

关键词: air pollution;    environmental exposure;    public health;    adverse effects;    environmental health.;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S1415-790X2011000300009

学科分类：过敏症与临床免疫学

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

INTRODUCTION:Air pollution is an important problem for São Paulo city and vehiclesare the main source. About 11 million people are exposed to this pollution.
OBJECTIVE: To examine studies realized about air pollution and its effectson health of the population of São Paulo (Brazil) and methods of assessingexposure to pollution related to traffic.
METHODS: We performed a literature review using the keywords "air pollution","São Paulo", and traffic-related air pollution.
RESULTS: As results were obtained several studies that found relationbetween air pollution in São Paulo and respiratory and cardiovascularproblems, fetal growth, increased mortality and hospitalizations, particularlyin children and elderly people. In order to estimate the exposure, most of thesestudies consider the isotropic distribution of pollutants throughout the area,what prevents the evaluation of and the influence of traffic. Several methodshave been used to analyze the air traffic exposure, which can be used isolatedor combined. It is believed that the combination of models used to calculatepollutant concentrations to methods of georeferencing is the most appropriateapproach for similar studies in São Paulo. The advantages of these methodsare the ability to identify priority areas and situations, obtaining detailedinformation for adoption of public policies or measures, and to simulate differentscenarios.
CONCLUSION: The application of these methods in studies at SãoPaulo depends on the improvement of input data, air quality meteorological monitoringnet enhancement and data of traffic volume.

【 授权许可】

CC BY