Nutrigenetics: links between genetic background and response to Mediterranean-type diets

Public Health Nutrition

Marie-Jo Amiot-Carlin¹  Marguerite Gastaldi¹  Denis Lairon¹  Catherine Defoort¹  Jean-Charles Martin¹  Richard Planells¹ 

关键词: Gene;    Polymorphism;    Single nucleotide polymorphism;    Intervention study;   

DOI  :  10.1017/S1368980009990437

学科分类：卫生学

来源: Cambridge University Press

【 摘 要 】

ObjectiveIt has been substantiated that the onset of most major diseases (CVD, diabetes, obesity, cancers, etc.) is modulated by the interaction between genetic traits (susceptibility) and environmental factors, especially diet. We aim to report more specific observations relating the effects of Mediterranean-type diets on cardiovascular risk factors and the genetic background of subjects.Results and conclusionsIn the first part, general concepts about nutrigenetics are briefly presented. Human genome has, overall, only marginally changed since its origin but it is thought that minor changes (polymorphisms) of common genes that occurred during evolution are now widespread in human populations, and can alter metabolic pathways and response to diets.In the second part, we report the data obtained during the Medi-RIVAGE intervention study performed in the South-East of France. Data obtained in 169 subjects at moderate cardiovascular risk after a 3-month dietary intervention indicate that some of the twenty-three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) studied exhibit interactions with diets regarding changes of particular parameters after 3-month regimens. Detailed examples are presented, such as interactions between SNP in genes coding for microsomial transfer protein (MTTP) or intestinal fatty acid binding protein (FABP2) and triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol or Framigham score lowering in responses to Mediterranean-type diets.The data provided add further evidence of the interaction between particular SNP and metabolic responses to diets. Finally, improvement in dietary recommendations by taking into account known genetic variability has been discussed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown