Using Orthosiphon stamineus B. for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals in Soils Amended with Sewage Sludge | Science Publications

American Journal of Applied Sciences

Shamshuddin Jusop¹  Hazandy Abdul-Hamid¹  Arifin Abdu¹  Najihah Aderis¹  Daljit S. Karam¹  Khairulmazmi Ahmad¹  Nik M. Majid¹ 

关键词: Heavy metals;    Orthosiphon stamineus;    phytoremediation;    sewage sludge;    phytoremediator species;    chemical remediation methods;    organic materials;    microbial synthesized products;    Completely Randomized Design (CRD);    physico-chemical analysis;   

DOI  :  10.3844/ajassp.2011.323.331

学科分类：自然科学（综合）

来源: Science Publications

【 摘 要 】

Problem statement: Phytoremediation is a biological treatment where plants are used to removepollutants from the environment to make them harmless. A study was conducted in a greenhouse at theFaculty of Forestry, University Putra Malaysia on the potential of Orthosiphon stamineus B. planted insewage sludge for heavy metals uptake. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of O.stamineus to remove toxic heavy metals from sewage sludge. Approach: A total of 36 of O. stamineuswere treated at six different levels of soil mixture and sludge treatment including one control. Thetreatments were replicated six times. Growth parameters mainly height and basal diameter were measuredfor each plant within 10 weeks. Soil texture (pipette method), soil pH (glass-electrode method) and totalcarbon (C) (Los on Ignition) were determined. The concentration of heavy metals that include cadmium(Cd), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) in the planting media and plant parts wereanalyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results: There was asignificant difference (P≤0.05) in height, basal diameter and number of leaves among the six treatments.The height increment values for all treatments in descending order are: T3 (10.22 cm), T2 (12.42 cm), T1(13.92 cm), T5 (14.65 cm), T4 (16.20 cm) and C (16.97 cm). In terms of basal diameter, the highestincremental values in descending order are: T5 (0.99 mm), T1 (1.20 mm), T3 (1.31 mm), T2 (1.38 mm), T4(1.53 mm) and C (1.75 mm). Soil texture for the control is categorized as clay and for T5 is silt loam. Soilreaction is acidic while total carbon ranges from 16.7% to 61.3 %. The concentrations of heavy metals inthe planting medium were higher before planting as compared to after planting. For examples, the valuesfor Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu and Pb in T5 (100% sewage sludge) before planting are 0.18 ppm, 23.45 ppm, 290.05ppm, 17.07 ppm and 5.33 ppm, respectively. The values decreased after planting where 0.13 ppm for Cd,24.30 ppm for Cr, 252.04 ppm for Zn, 18.56 ppm for Cu and 5.96 ppm for Pb were observed. O. stamineusabsorbed heavy metals in the range of 0.01 ppm to 0.57 ppm for Cd, 0.08 ppm to 8.48 ppm for Cr, 0 ppm to43.93 ppm for Zn, 0.11 ppm to 16.73 ppm for Cu and 0.01 ppm to 9.05 ppm for Pb in various plant parts ofleaves, stems and roots. Conclusion: Most of the heavy metals taken up by the plants were stored in theleaves, whereas Zn seemed to be stored in all plant parts. These results indicate that O. stamineus has thepotential to accumulate heavy metals particularly Zn and Pb and hence could be considered as a goodphytoremediator species.

【 授权许可】

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