Spatial distribution of mortality by homicide and social inequalities according to race/skin color in an intra-urban Brazilian space

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

Santana, Francisco dos Santos³  Costa, Maria da Conceição Nascimento⁴  Hogan, Vijaya¹  Araújo, Edna Maria de²  Araújo, Tânia Maria de²  Barreto, Maurício Lima⁴  Oliveira, Nelson Fernandes de² 

[1] University of North Carolina;Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil;SESAB, Salvador, Brasil;Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil

关键词: External causes;    Homicide;    Race/skin color;    Spatial analysis;    Social inequalities;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S1415-790X2010000400001

学科分类：过敏症与临床免疫学

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

INTRODUCTION:In Brazil, deaths by external causes rank first in the mortality statistics.Nevertheless, studies which investigate the relationship between mortality byexternal causes and race/skin color are scarce.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relative contribution of race/skin colorto the spatial distribution of mortality by homicide in Salvador, state of Bahia,Brazil, in the period 1998 - 2003.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a spatial aggregate study including secondarydata on 5,250 subjects, using a unit of analysis called the "weightingarea" (WA). Annual average death rates by homicide were estimated. The Globaland Local Moran Index were used to evaluate the presence of spatial autocorrelationand the Conditional Auto Regressive (CAR) model was employed to evaluate thereferred effect, using the R statistical package.
RESULTS: Global and Local Moran's I tests were significant. CAR regressionshowed that the predicted mortality rate increases when there is a growth inthe proportion of black males aged between 15 and 49 years. Geometrically weightedregression (GWR) showed a very small variation of the local coefficients forall predictors.
CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that the interrelation between race, violenceand space is a phenomenon which results from a long process of social inequality.Understanding these interactions requires interdisciplinary efforts that contributeto advancement of knowledge that leads to more specific Public Health interventions.

【 授权许可】

CC BY