IJEMS (Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability) | |
Seasonal Elevated and Variable Groundwater Iron in Chandrapur District, Central India | |
Rahul K Kamble^11  | |
[1] Sardar Patel College^1 | |
关键词: Chandrapur; Groundwater quality; Heavy metal; Iron; Trace metal; | |
DOI : 10.26554/ijems.2019.3.4.29-38 | |
学科分类:地球科学(综合) | |
来源: ARTS Publishing Corp | |
【 摘 要 】
Groundwater iron concentrations were monitored from rural area of the Chandrapur district, Central India during winter, summer and post-monsoon at 36 sampling locations so as to map and quantify its levels. Grab sampling was carried out for groundwater sampling from dug wells (DW) (n=2, 5.55%) and hand pumps (HP) (n=34, 94.44%). Iron concentration was determined by acid digestion method and further analysis by using ICP-OES. Maximum iron concentration in winter was 47.100 mg/L (Ballarpur, HP), 3.825 mg/L (Ballarpur, HP) in summer and 3.714 mg/L (Visapur, HP) in post-monsoon. Average iron concentration in winter, summer, and post-monsoon was 3.522 mg/L, 0.730 mg/L and 0.582 mg/L respectively, which were above the acceptable limit of the Indian Standard (IS) and WHO aesthetic limit for iron (0.3 mg/L). Seasonal variation in groundwater iron concentration was observed in the order of winter>post-monsoon>summer. Distribution of iron with IS revealed a number of samples above the permissible limit and in the order of summer>winter>post-monsoon. In case of a distribution on WHO, JECFA and IOM recommendations, number of samples in high to very high category was in the order of winter>summer>post-monsoon. It can be concluded that seasonal elevated and variable groundwater iron concentration was observed from the study area. A number of samples had the concentration several times above the IS acceptable limit and WHO aesthetic cut-off. The plausible reasons for these observations can be assigned to geology, water source type (HP/DW), space and time, the proximity of water source to minerals and ores present in the earth crust, physicochemical characteristics of water and dissolution and leaching of metal in groundwater
【 授权许可】
CC BY-NC-SA
【 预 览 】
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