Agronomic Practices for Reducing Wheat Yield Gaps: A Quantitative Appraisal of Progressive Producers

Crop Science

Lollato, Romulo P.^1¹  Ruiz Diaz, Dorivar A.^1² 

[1] Dep. of Agronomy, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506^1;Dep. of Plant Pathology, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506^2

关键词: BIC;    Bayesian information criterion;    DOY;    day of year;    ET c;    crop evapotranspiration;    ET o;    reference crop evapotranspiration;    ICC;    intraclass correlation coefficient;    LAR;    least angle regression;    LASSO;    least squared shrinkage operator;    R S;    incident solar radiation;    SSM-Wheat;    Simple Simulation Modeling–Wheat;    TKW;    1000-kernel weight;    T max;    maximum temperature;    T min;    minimum temperature;    Y a;    actual yield;    Y G;    yield gap;    Y w;    water-limited yield;   

DOI  :  10.2135/cropsci2018.04.0249

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Crop Science

【 摘 要 】

There is limited information on agronomic practices affecting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield in intensively managed dryland systems despite the opportunity to narrow the existing yield gap (Y_G). We used a unique database of 100 intensively managed field-years entered in the Kansas Wheat Yield Contest during the 2010 to 2017 harvest seasons to (i) quantify the Y_G, (ii) describe wheat management, and (iii) identify management opportunities and weather patterns associated with yield. We simulated wheat water-limited yield (Y_w) using Simple Simulation Modeling–Wheat (SSM-Wheat) model for each field-year to estimate Y_G as the difference between Y_w and actual yield (Y_a) and used 11 statistical approaches to test the association of management practices and weather variables with Y_a. Wheat Y_a averaged 5.5 Mg ha⁻¹, and simulated Y_w averaged 6.4 Mg ha⁻¹, resulting in a Y_G of 0.9 Mg ha⁻¹ (15% of Y_w). High-yielding fields had lower maximum and minimum temperatures and greater cumulative solar radiation and precipitation during grain fill. Varieties susceptible to fungal diseases responded to foliar fungicide (0.8–1.4 Mg ha⁻¹), whereas resistant varieties did not. Seeding rate was negatively associated with Y_a, as yield quantile 0.99 was 7.5 Mg ha⁻¹ and decreased by 2.7 Mg ha⁻¹ for every 100-seed m⁻² increase in seeding rate above 305 seeds m⁻². In-furrow P fertilizer, previous crop, tillage practice, and N timing were also associated with Y_a. We conclude that fields entered in yield contests have closed the exploitable Y_G, and there are opportunities to improve Y_a through improved management in regions with stagnant wheat yield.

【 授权许可】

CC BY