Yield, Grain Quality and Eating Quality of New and Old Rice Varieties in the Tohoku Region of Japan

日本作物学会紀事

Akira Fukushima^1¹  Hisatoshi Ohta^2²  Narifumi Yokogami^3³  Naoto Tsuda^4⁴ 

[1] Agri-Food Business Innovation Center, NARO^1;Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO^2;Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO^3;Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO^4

关键词: Old varieties;    Eating quality;    Yield;    New varieties;    Rice;    Tohoku region;    Grain quality;   

DOI  :  10.1626/jcs.87.43

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Nihon Sakumotsu Gakkai / Crop Science Society of Japan

【 摘 要 】

Nineteen rice varieties in the Tohoku region of Japan were classified into five groups; varieties bred before 1950 (Group 1), varieties bred after 1950 until 1980 (Group 2), varieties bred after 1980 and currently in cultivation (Group 3), more recent varieties bred for staple food by Tohoku Agricultural Research Center (TARC) (Group 4) and recent varieties bred for feed by TARC (Group 5). Their agronomical traits were comparatively examined in the field condition with low nitrogen application. The culm was long in Group 1, intermediate in Groups 2 and 3 and short in Groups 4 and 5. By contrast, grain yield did not vary significantly with the group. These results indicate that the historical increase in grain yield in rice varieties in the Tohoku region was attributed to the spreading of varieties in Groups 2 and 3 which had intermediate length of culm and lodging resistance resulting from the increase in nitrogen application. Among the 19 varieties, the number of panicles per area was negatively related with the width of the leaf blade, the diameter of internode, the number of spikelets per panicle and thousand grain weight. On the other hand, the culm length was not clearly related with other traits. These results indicate that the historical changes in the traits are not attributed to the decrease of culm length. The grain quality (appearance quality of brown rice) and eating quality of varieties in Groups 1 and 2 ranged from inferior to superior, and those of varieties in Groups 3 and 4 were superior. We discuss about the future direction of rice breeding in the Tohoku region of Japan considering these results.

【 授权许可】

CC BY