Antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae in Brazil: focus on β-lactams and polymyxins

Revista de microbiologia

Gales, Ana Cristina¹  Sampaio, Jorge Luiz Mello² 

[1] Fleury Medicina e Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil;Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

关键词: ESBL;    KPC;    NDM;    Extended spectrum β;    -lactamases;    New Delhi metallo-β;    -lactamase;    Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase;    Polymyxin B;    Colistin;    Antimicrobial resistance;    Carbapenemases;    Brazil;    Enterobacteriaceae.;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.bjm.2016.10.002

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia / Brazilian Society for Microbiology

【 摘 要 】

During the last 30 years there has been a dissemination of plasmid-mediated β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae in Brazil. Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) are widely disseminated in the hospital setting and are detected in a lower frequency in the community setting. Cefotaximases are the most frequently detected ESBL type and Klebsiella pneumoniae is the predominant species among ESBL producers. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae became widely disseminated in Brazil during the last decade and KPC production is currently the most frequent resistance mechanism (96.2%) in carbapenem resistant K. pneumoniae. To date KPC-2 is the only variant reported in Brazil. Polymyxin B resistance in KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae has come to an alarming rate of 27.1% in 2015 in São Paulo, the largest city in Brazil. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase was detected in Brazil in 2013, has been reported in different Brazilian states but are not widely disseminated. Antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae in Brazil is a very serious problem that needs urgent actions which includes both more strict adherence to infection control measures and more judicious use of antimicrobials.

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC