Evolving in the highlands: the case of the Neotropical Lerma live-bearing Poeciliopsis infans (Woolman, 1894) (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) in Central Mexico

BMC Evolutionary Biology

Kyle Piller¹  Rodolfo Prez-Rodrguez²  Omar Domnguez-Domnguez³  Rosa Gabriela Beltrn-Lpez⁴ 

[1] Laboratorio Nacional de Anlisis y Sntesis Ecolgica para la Conservacin de Recursos Genticos de Mxico, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico, Morelia, Mexico;Laboratorio de Biologa Acutica, Facultad de Biologa, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicols de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico;Laboratorio de Ictiologa, Centro de Investigaciones Biolgicas, Universidad Autnoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico;Programa Institucional de Doctorado en Ciencias Biolgicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicols de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico

关键词: Endemic fishes;    Tecto-volcanism;    Quaternary climate;    Pliocene;    Biogeographical history;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12862-018-1172-7

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: BioMed Central

【 摘 要 】

Volcanic and tectonic activities in conjunction with Quaternary climate are the main events that shaped the geographical distribution of genetic variation of many lineages. Poeciliopsis infans is the only poeciliid species that was able to colonize the temperate highlands of central Mexico. We inferred the phylogenetic relationships, biogeographic history, and historical demography in the widespread Neotropical species P. infans and correlated this with geological events and the Quaternary glacial-interglacial climate in the highlands of central Mexico, using the mitochondrial genes Cytochrome b and Cytochrome oxidase I and two nuclear loci, Rhodopsin and ribosomal protein S7. Populations of P. infans were recovered in two well-differentiated clades. The maximum genetic distances between the two clades were 3.3% for cytb, and 1.9% for coxI. The divergence of the two clades occurred ca. 2.83 Myr. Ancestral area reconstruction revealed a complex biogeographical history for P. infans. The Bayesian Skyline Plot showed a demographic decline, although more visible for clade A, and more recently showed a population expansion in the last 0.025 Myr. Finally, the habitat suitability modelling showed that during the LIG, clade B had more areas with high probabilities of presence in comparison to clade A, whereas for the LGM, clade A showed more areas with high probabilities of presence in comparisons to clade B. Poeciliopsis infans has had a complex evolutionary and biogeographic history, which, as in other co-distributed freshwater fishes, seems to be linked to the volcanic and tectonic activities during the Pliocene or early Pleistocene. Populations of P. infans distributed in lowlands showed a higher level of genetic diversity than populations distributed in highlands, which could be linked to more stable and higher temperatures in lowland areas. The fluctuations in population size through time are in agreement with the continuous fluctuations of the climate of central Mexico.

【 授权许可】

CC BY