Net Zero Energy for Industrial and Commercial Microgrids: Approaches and Challenges

Proceedings

Coelho, Paulo¹  Gomes, Mário²  Bandeiras, Filipe³  Fernandes, José⁴ 

[1] Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.;Ci2—Smart Cities Research Center—IPT, 2300-313 Tomar, Portugal;Instituto Politécnico de Tomar (IPT), 2300-313 Tomar, Portugal;Presented at the 2nd International Research Conference on Sustainable Energy, Engineering, Materials and Environment (IRCSEEME), Mieres, Spain, 25–27 July 2018.

关键词: net zero energy;    net metering;    renewable energy;    efficient buildings;    microgrids;   

DOI  :  10.3390/proceedings2231472

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

This paper addresses the concept of net zero energy and net metering in efficient buildings in order to assist in the study and development of future microgrids for buildings with annual zero energy consumption. There are several definitions for zero energy buildings available in the literature with a distinct set of project goals and interests, but this work is focused on the definition that accounts for energy losses by converting each energy type to source energy. Finally, a case study is presented to evaluate whether four distinct all-electric buildings can achieve annual zero energy by deploying on-site renewable sources within their site boundary.

【 授权许可】

CC BY