Generation of equivalent forms of operational trans-conductance amplifier-RC sinusoidal oscillators: the nullor approach

The Journal of Engineering

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[1] Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110 025, India;Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Plot No. 7, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, UP 201306, India;Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, HRCT Group of Institutions, Delhi-Meerut Road, Ghaziabad, UP, India;Division of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Sector 3, Dwarka, New Delhi-110 078, India;

关键词: operational amplifiers;    equivalent circuits;    CMOS analogue integrated circuits;    oscillators;    RC circuits;    size 0.18 mum;    CMOS technology process;    SPICE simulations;    CMOS OTAs;    explicit-current-output quadrature oscillators;    equivalent op-amp oscillator circuits;    nullor-based theory;    GC;    grounded capacitors;    characteristic equation;    dual-OTA-RC sinusoidal oscillators;    single-OTA-RC sinusoidal oscillators;    single operational transconductance amplifier-RC sinusoidal oscillators;    equivalent form generation;   

DOI  :  10.1049/joe.2013.0200

来源: publisher

【 摘 要 】

It has been shown in two earlier papers published from this study that corresponding to a given single-operational trans-conductance amplifier (single-OTA)-RC and dual-OTA-RC sinusoidal oscillators, there are three other structurally distinct equivalent forms having the same characteristic equation, one of which employs both grounded capacitors (GC). In this study, an earlier nullor-based theory of generating equivalent op-amp oscillator circuits, proposed by the first author, is extended to derive equivalent OTA-RC circuits which discloses the existence of an additional number of equivalent forms for the same given OTA-RC oscillators than those predicted by the quoted earlier works, and thereby considerably enlarging the set of equivalents of a given OTA-RC oscillator. Furthermore, the presented nullor-based theory of generating equivalent OTA-RC oscillators results in three additional interesting outcomes: (i) the revelation that corresponding to any given OTA-RC oscillator there are two ‘both-GC’ oscillators (and not merely one, as derived in the quoted earlier works); (ii) the availability of explicit current outputs in several of the derived equivalents and (iii) the realisability explicit-current-output ‘quadrature oscillators’ in some of the generated equivalent oscillators. The workability of the generated equivalent OTA-RC oscillators has been verified by SPICE simulations, based on CMOS OTAs using 0.18 µm CMOS technology process parameters, and some sample results are given.

【 授权许可】

CC BY