Eficiencia energética y monetaria de sistemas de producción de durazno (Prunus pérsica) en El Jarillo, Venezuela

Idesia

Pérez-Martínez, Simón¹  Silva-Laya, Silvia Josefina²  Silva-Laya, Humberto José³ 

[1] Universidad Estatal de Milagro, Milagro, Ecuador;Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Barcelona, España;aff2, Australia

关键词: energy efficiency;    energy productivity;    proft margin;    peach;    Prunus persica..;   

DOI  :  10.4067/S0718-34292017000400017

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Universidad de Tarapaca * Facultad de Agronomia

【 摘 要 】

The agricultural production of peach (Prunus persica) is the main commercial activity in El Jarillo, Venezuela, the second biggest producer in the country. In the present work, the efficiency and the energy productivity were compared with the proft margin of twenty-seven peach's producer in El Jarillo. The objective was to analyze the energy and monetary flows of these systems over four years (2009, 2011, 2013 and 2015). The methodology used was a cross-sectional observational study for the years 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2015. The selection were based on subdivisions of the locality recognized by the producers (Jarillo Abajo, Jarillo Centro, Enea, Tierra Caliente and La Ciénaga), producers'disposal and production management systems (determined by the variety Of peach); We also considered the characteristics of vegetation, soil and climate. The indicators calculated and analyzed were: energy efficiency, energy productivity and profit margin. The systems proved to be economically efficient (average profit margin 59%) and energy deficient (average energy efficiency 0.58). They sustain their productivity in the excessive use of external inputs, in particular fungicides, poultry, gasoline and chemical fertilizers (averages between 859,947-604,215 KJ). In monetary terms, the costs are higher for daily items, chemical fertilizers and chicken manure (averages between 8,195,499 -1,152,395 Bs.F.). The farms that use gallinaza had lower values in the Profit Margin and Energy Efficiency. On the other hand, the high selling prices allowed obtaining an average profit around 50%, a high value at the cost of deficit energy efficiency and productivity.

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC