Role for phospholipid acyl chains and cholesterol in pulmonary infections and inflammation

Journal of Leukocyte Biology: An Official Publication of the Reticuloendothelial Society

关键词: respiratory infections;    immunity;    oxidized phospholipids;    n‐;    3 PUFAs;   

DOI  :  10.1189/jlb.4VMR0316-103R

学科分类：生理学

来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

【 摘 要 】

Bacterialandviralrespiratorytractinfectionsresultinmillionsofdeathsworldwideandarecurrentlytheleadingcauseofdeathfrominfection.Acuteinflammationisanessentialelementofhostdefenseagainstinfection,butcanbedamagingtothehostwhenleftunchecked.Effectivehostdefenserequiresmultiplelipidmediators,whichcollectivelyhaveproinflammatoryand/orproresolvingeffectsonthelung.Duringpulmonaryinfections,phospholipidacylchainsandcholesterolcanbechemicallyandenzymaticallyoxidized,aswellastruncatedandmodified,producingcomplexmixturesofbioactivelipids.Wereviewrecentevidencethatphospholipidsandcholesterolandtheirderivativesregulatepulmonaryinnateandadaptiveimmunityduringinfection.Wefirsthighlightdatathatoxidizedphospholipidsgeneratedinthelungduringinfectionstimulatepatternrecognitionreceptors,suchasTLRsandscavengerreceptors,therebyamplifyingthepulmonaryinflammatoryresponse.Next,wediscussevidencethatoxidationofendogenouspoolsofcholesterolduringpulmonaryinfectionsproducesoxysterolsthatalsomodifythefunctionofbothinnateandadaptiveimmunecells.Last,weconcludewithdatathatn‐3polyunsaturatedfattyacids,bothintheformofphospholipidacylchainsandthroughenzymaticprocessingintoendogenousproresolvinglipidmediators,aidintheresolutionoflunginflammationthroughdistinctmechanisms.Unravelingthecomplexmechanismsofinductionandfunctionofdistinctclassesofbioactivelipids,bothnativeandmodified,mayholdpromisefordevelopingnewtherapeuticstrategiesforimprovingpulmonaryoutcomesinresponsetoinfection...

【 授权许可】

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