Minimally Invasive Surgical and Medical Management of Urinary Calculi:

Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare

PalaniappanSundaram¹ 

关键词: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL);    Kidney stones;    Ureteric stones;    Ureterorenoscopy (URS);    Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL);   

DOI  :  10.1177/201010581202100205

学科分类：医学（综合）

来源: Sage Journals

【 摘 要 】

Management of urinary calculi has changed from open pyelolithotomy and ureterolithotomy to predominantly non-invasive procedures such as extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) as well as endourological such as ureterorenoscopy (URS) and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL). Technology has advanced rapidly allowing stone disease to be treated with minimally invasive techniques that have lower morbidity than the open operations of the past. Newer semi-rigid ureteroscopes of size 7 to 9 F allow visualisation of the ureter without traumatic dilatation. There is the flexible ureteroscope developed with smaller fibre optics, the addition of the working channel that allows the use of laser fibres for stone fragmentation and a greater deflection of the tip that enables all parts of the pelvicalyceal system to be inspected for stones. New generation lithotripters for ESWL deliver shockwave to a smaller focal zone so as to minimise damage to surrounding soft tissue but as a result, there are higher failure ra...

【 授权许可】

CC BY