Smokeless Tobacco Use as a Risk Factor for Periodontal Disease

Frontiers in Public Health

Kavitha P. Kamath¹ 

关键词: tobacco;    smokeless tobacco;    periodontal disease;    periodontal attachment loss;    gingival recession;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2014.00195

学科分类：卫生学

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Periodontal disease is one of the leading causes of tooth loss, particularly among older individuals (1–6). Although dental plaque-associated microorganisms are the primary etiologic agents of periodontal diseases, several other factors such as local, genetic, systemic, and environmental factors play an important role in determining the susceptibility of individuals to periodontal diseases. Tobacco smoking is one of the most important environmental risk factors for periodontal diseases. Large numbers of studies have been conducted to understand the role of smoking in the etiology of periodontal diseases and the available data show that smoking is associated with increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease, which may be due to the adverse effects of tobacco smoke on the physiology, immunology, and microbiology of the oral environment. Unlike smoking, the role of oral smokeless tobacco (SLT) in the etiology of periodontal disease has received considerably less attention.

【 授权许可】

CC BY