Solar Energy Potential Assessment on Rooftops and Facades in Large Built Environments Based on LiDAR Data, Image Processing, and Cloud Computing. Methodological Background, Application, and Validation in Geneva (Solar Cadaster)

Frontiers in Built Environment

bastien²  Desthieux, Gilles²  Morello, Eugenio²  Carneiro, Claudio⁵  Boulmier, Anthony⁵  Ellert, Christoph⁵  Camponovo, Reto⁶  Abdennadher, Nabil⁶  Ineichen, Pierre⁷  Dervey, Sé⁷ 

[1] Energy Systems, University of Geneva, Switzerland;Haute éInstitute of System Engineering, University of Applied Sciences (HESSO-Valais-Wallis), Switzerland;Laboratorio di Simulazione Urbana “Fausto Curti”, Politecnico di Milano, Italy;cole du paysage d’ingénierie et d’architecture de Genève (hepia), Institute for Landscaping Architecture Construction and Territory (inPACT), University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Switzerland;ve (hepia), Large-Scale Distributed Systems Research Group (lsds-rg), University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Switzerland

关键词: Keywords: Urban solar cadaster;    Shadow casting;    Sky View Factor;    Energy Management;    3D-Urban digital models;    Cloud computing;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fbuil.2018.00014

学科分类：建筑学

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

The paper presents the core methodology for assessing solar radiation and energy production on building rooftops and vertical facades (still rarely considered) of the inner-city. This integrated tool is based on the use of LiDAR, 2D and 3D cadastral data. Together with solar radiation and astronomical models it calculates the global irradiance for a set of points located on roofs, ground and facades. Although the tool takes simultaneously roofs, ground and facades, different methods of shadow casting are applied. Shadow casting on rooftops is based on image processing techniques. On the other hand, the assessment on facade involves first to create and interpolate points along the facades and then to implement a point-by-point shadow casting routine. The paper is structured in five parts: (i) state of the art on the use of 3D GIS and automated processes in assessing solar radiation in the built environment, (ii) overview on the methodological framework used in the paper, (iii) detailed presentation of the method proposed for solar modelling and shadow casting, in particular by introducing an innovative approach for modelling the Sky View Factor (SVF), (iv) demonstration of the solar model introduced in this paper through applications in Geneva’s building roofs (solar cadaster) and facades, (v) validation of the solar model in some Geneva’s spots, focusing especially on two distinct comparisons: solar model versus fisheye catchments on partially inclined surfaces (roof component); solar model versus photovoltaic simulation tool PVSyst on vertical surfaces (facades). Concerning the roof component, validation results emphasize global sensitivity related to the density of light sources on the sky vault to model the SVF. The low dense sky model with 145 light sources gives satisfying results, especially when processing solar cadasters in large urban areas, thus allowing to save computation time. In the case of building facades, introducing weighting factor in SVF calculation leads to outputs close to those obtained by PVSyst. Such good validation results make the proposed model a reliable tool to: (i) automatically process solar cadaster on building rooftops and facades at large urban scales, (ii) support solar energy planning and energy transition policies.

【 授权许可】

CC BY