Habitual Physical Activity and Plasma Metabolomic Patterns Distinguish Individuals with Low vs. High Weight Loss during Controlled Energy Restriction

卷:145

Piccolo, Brian D. ; Keim, Nancy L. ; Fiehn, Oliver ; Adams, Sean H. ; Van Loan, Marta D. ; Newman, John W.

关键词: weight loss;    metabolomics;    obesity;    physical activity;    statistical modeling;    body composition;    branched-chain amino acids;    respiratory exchange ratio;    calorie restriction;   

DOI  :  10.3945/jn.114.201574

学科分类：食品科学和技术

【 摘 要 】

Background: Total weight loss induced by energy restriction is highly variable even under tightly controlled conditions. Identifying weight-loss discriminants would provide a valuable weight management tool and insights into body weight-regulation. Objective: This study characterized responsiveness to energy restriction in adults from variables including the plasma metabolome, endocrine and inflammatory markers, clinical indices, body composition, diet, and physical activity. Methods: Data were derived from a controlled feeding trial investigating the effect of 3-4 dairy product servings in an energy-restricted diet (2092 kJ/d reduction) over 12 wk. Partial least squares regression was used to identify weight-loss discriminants in 67 overweight and obese adults. Linear mixed models were developed to identify discriminant variable differences in high-vs. low-weight-loss responders. Results: Both pre- and postintervention variables (n = 127) were identified as weight-loss discriminants (root mean squared error of prediction = 1.85 kg; Q(2) = 0.43). Compared with low-responders (LR), high-responders (HR) had greater decreases in body weight (LR: 2.7 +/- 1.6 kg; HR: 9.4 +/- 1.8 kg, P < 0.01), BM I (in kg/m(2); LR: 1.0 +/- 0.6; HR: 3.3 +/- 0.5, P< 0.01), and total fat (LR: 2.2 +/- 1.1 kg; HR: 8.0 +/- 2.1 kg, P < 0.01). Significant group effects unaffected by the intervention were determined for the respiratory exchange ratio (LR: 0.86 +/- 0.05; HR: 0.82 +/- 0.03, P< 0.011, moderate physical activity (LR: 127 +/- 52 min; HR: 167 +/- 68 min, P=0.02), sedentary activity (LR: 1090 +/- 99 min; HR: 1017 +/- 110 min, P= 0.02), and plasma stearate ELR: 102,000 21,000 quantifier ion peak height (QIPH); HR: 116,000 24,000 QIPH, P= 0.011. Conclusions: Overweight and obese individuals highly responsive to energy restriction had accelerated reductions in adiposity, likely supported in part by higher lipid mobilization and combustion. A novel observation was that person-to-person differences in habitual physical activity and magnitude of weight loss were accompanied by unique blood metabolite signatures.